知识扩展
易混词辨析
break、fracture、rupture
1.rupture（动词 / 名词）：“破裂；断裂（器官 / 管道 / 关系）”（如 “ruptured appendix” 阑尾破裂、“ruptured pipe” 管道破裂、“rupture of friendship” 友谊破裂”）；
2. break（动词 / 名词，通用）：“打破；断裂”（如 “break a glass” 打碎杯子、“break a leg” 摔断腿），比 rupture 范围广，rupture 特指 “结构性破裂（器官 / 管道）或抽象关系破裂”；
3. fracture（动词 / 名词，正式）：“断裂；骨折（骨头 / 坚硬物体）”（如 “fractured bone” 骨折、“fractured rock” 断裂的岩石），核心区别：rupture 可指 “软组织 / 管道破裂”，fracture 仅指 “坚硬物体 / 骨头断裂”。
词根词缀
词根 rupt= to break 破, 断裂 abrupt adj. 突然的 ab 离去 + rupt 破，断裂 → 断开 → 突然断开 → 突然的 bankrupt adj. 破产的 bank 银行 + rupt 破，断裂 → 银行倒闭 → 破产的 bankruptcy n. 破产 bankrupt 破产的 + cy 状态 → 破产 corrupt adj. 腐败的 cor 加强 + rupt 破，断裂 → 破坏组织肌体 → 腐败的 corruption n. 腐败 cor 加强 + rupt 破，断裂 + ion 表状态 → 腐败 disrupt v. 分裂；瓦解 dis 加强 + rupt 破，断裂 → 裂开 → 分裂 disruption n. 分裂；瓦解 dis 加强 + rupt 破，断裂 + ion 表名词 → 分裂；瓦解 erupt v. 爆发；喷出 e 出 + rupt 破，断裂 → 破裂而喷出 → 爆发 eruption n. 爆发 e 出 + rupt 破，断裂 + ion 表名词 → 爆发 interrupt v. 打断 inter 在…之间 + rupt 破，断裂 → 在〔讲话〕中间打断 → 打断 interruption n. 打断；插嘴 inter 在…之间 + rupt 破，断裂 + ion，interrupt 的名词 → 打断；插嘴 rupture n. 破裂；断绝 rupt 破，断裂 + ure 表行为 → 破裂；断绝
词语辨析
explode blow up go off burst erupt rupture implode These are all words that can be used when sth bursts apart violently, causing damage or injury. 以上各词均可表示爆炸、爆破、爆裂。 explode to burst loudly and violently, causing damage; to make sth burst in this way 指爆炸、爆破、爆裂、引爆： The jet smashed into a hillside and exploded. 喷气式飞机撞上山坡爆炸了。 The bomb was exploded under controlled conditions. 炸弹在受控条件下被引爆了。 blow (sth) up to be destroyed by an explosion; to destroy sth by an explosion 指爆炸、（被）炸毁： A police officer was killed when his car blew up. 一名警员在其汽车爆炸时遇难。 go off (of a bomb) to explode; (of a gun) to be fired 指炸弹爆炸、枪开火： The bomb went off in a crowded street. 炸弹在挤满人的大街上爆炸了。 注释 When used about guns, the choice of go off (not ‘be fired’) can suggest that the gun was fired by accident. 用于枪时go off（而非be fired）可表示走火。 burst to break open or apart, especially because of pressure from inside; to make sth break in this way 指（使）爆裂、胀开： That balloon's going to burst. 气球马上要爆了。 erupt (of a volcano) to throw out burning rocks and smoke; (of burning rocks and smoke) to be thrown out of a volcano 指火山爆发、（岩浆、烟）喷出 rupture ( formal or medical ) to burst or break apart a pipe, container or organ inside the body; to be burst or broken apart 指（使）管道、容器或体内组织破裂、断裂、裂开： A pipe ruptured, leaking water all over the house. 一根水管破裂，漏了满屋子的水。 implode to burst or explode inwards 指向心聚爆、内爆： The windows on both sides of the room had imploded. 房间两边的窗子朝里面爆炸了。 常用搭配 A bomb exploded / blew up / went off / burst. The car / plane / vehicle exploded / blew up. A firework / rocket exploded / went off. A volcano erupted. A pipe / tank burst / ruptured. a burst / ruptured appendix / artery
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