高考英语模拟试题阅读理解精选编讲第286篇——秒词邦中高考核心单词秒记提分微信小程序

Habit formation is the process by which behaviours become automatic. People develop countless habits as they explore the world, whether they are aware of them or not. Understanding how habits take shape may be helpful in changing bad habits.

Habits are built through learning and repetition. A person is thought to develop a habit in the course of pursuing goals by beginning to associate certain cues(刺激) with behavioural responses that help meet the goal. Over time, thoughts of the behaviour and ultimately the behaviour itself are likely to be triggered(触发) by these cues.

A “habit loop(环)” is a way of describing several related elements that produce habits. These elements are called the cue, the routine, and the reward. For example, stress could serve as a cue that one responds to by eating, which produces the reward﹣the reduction of stress. While a routine involves repeated behaviour, it’s not necessarily performed in response to a deep﹣rooted urge, as a habit is.

Old habits can be difficult to shake, and healthy habits are often harder to develop. But through repetition, it’s possible to form new habits. The amount of time needed to build a habit will depend on multiple factors, including the individual and the intended behaviour. While you are able to pickup a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many months to build a healthy habit. Take some time to think about what leads to bad habits and re﹣evaluate what you get out of them (or don’t). Consider and keep in mind why you want to make a change, including how the change reflects your values.

习惯的形成是行为自动形成的过程。人们在探索世界的过程中养成了无数的习惯，无论他们是否意识到这些习惯。了解习惯是如何形成的可能有助于改变坏习惯。

习惯是通过学习和重复建立起来的。人们认为，一个人在追求目标的过程中，通过开始联想某些线索来养成一种习惯(刺激) 有助于实现目标的行为反应。随着时间的推移，行为的想法以及最终行为本身很可能会被触发(触发) 通过这些线索。

“习惯循环”(环)” 是描述产生习惯的几个相关元素的一种方式。这些元素被称为提示、常规和奖励。例如，压力可以作为一种线索，人们通过进食来做出反应，从而产生奖励﹣应力的减少。虽然一个常规包括重复的行为，但它不一定是为了应对深度﹣根深蒂固的冲动，就像一种习惯一样。

旧习惯很难改掉，而健康的习惯往往更难养成。但通过重复，有可能形成新的习惯。养成习惯所需的时间取决于多种因素，包括个人和预期行为。虽然你可以在几周内养成一个新习惯，但养成一个健康的习惯需要几个月的时间。花点时间思考是什么导致了坏习惯，并重新﹣评估你从他们那里得到了什么（或者没有得到）。考虑并记住你为什么要做出改变，包括改变如何反映你的价值观。

句子成分分析：

People develop countless habits || as they explore the world, || whether they are aware of them or not.

句子语法结构详解：

* develop 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* as 为连词，引导状语从句。
* explore 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* whether 引导让步状语从句。
* 句中含有 whether...or not 结构， 意为“是否”。
* are 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* aware 为形容词作表语。
* they 为人称代词主格。them 为人称代词宾格。the 为定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

句子成分分析：

While a routine involves repeated behaviour, || it's not [necessarily] performed [in response (to adeeprooted urge)], 

|| as a habit is.

句子语法结构详解：

(it's = it has)

* while 为连词，引导状语从句。
* involves 为谓语，采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* it 开头为陈述句。
* performed 为谓语，采用现在完成时。
* as 为连词，引导状语从句。
* is 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* has 为助动词。a 为不定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

句子成分分析：

The amount (of time needed tobuild a habit) will depend on multiple factors, including the individual and the 

intended behaviour.

句子语法结构详解：

* needed 为过去分词，作后置定语。
* to build 为不定式，作状语。
* depend 为谓语，采用一般将来时。
* will 为情态动词。the 为定冠词。a 为不定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary: